TAMIL ILAKKANAM-DMK-Anna Arivalayam- Chennai-Tamilnadu-India

brh

M (gR), L, tL - d X vGJ jnjh, uL Kja vGJf bjhlnjh xU bghUis bjgJ brh vdgL.

1. iz

cyfJ cfS yF, gwit, thtd, Ctd vW cfisl kj nguhw giljtdhf Uwh. vdnt, kj kw cfisl nkyhdtdhwh. thnw e fQF bjahj njtU eufU cajt vW f TWwd. Mfnt kf, njt, euf vD KwjhU Vida cfis nehf ca xGf (caiz) cilat vW kw cf ca myhj xGf (m + iz) cilad vW e Kndh J Td.  ws yfz TwgLwJ.

kf, njt, euf - caiz.
w c csd yd - m~iz.

2. gh

gh - :

fz, ghoa, iga - Mgh.
fz, mu, bg - bggh.
murf, kf, bgf - gygh.
_W ghfS caizia nrjit.
gR, , gh, jtis, kiy, ku - xw gh.
gRf, f, ghf, jtisf, kiyf, kuf - gygh.

it uL m~izF cit.

3. v

v - bghUf vif.

xiw FgJ xUik: xWF nkgltiw FgJ gik.

fj, fgf, khL - xUik v.
bgf, isf, khLf - gik v.
eh, , mt, mt, mJ - xUik v.
eh, , mtf, mit - gik v.

4. l

eh neW Maiu g brhdnghJ  k miljh - j tha,

eh vgJ ngRnthid FwJ.
 vgJ KW nfgtid FwJ.
Maiu vgJ ngrgLgtiu FwJ.

_t lfS Kiwna (1) jik l (2) Kiy l (3) glif l vW bga bgW.

(1) eh - jikl.

(2)  - Kiyl.

(3) Ma - glifl.

eh - jik xUik.
eh, ehf - jik gik.
 - Kiy xUik.
, , f - Kiy gik.
mt, mt, mJ - glif xUik.
mtf, mit - glif gik.

eh, ah - jik xUik.
eh, ah, ehf - jik gik.

 - Kiy xUik.
, , f - Kiy gik.

jh - glif xUik.
jh - glif gik.

F:- glif xUikaha jh vgJ, Jnr gFf W tH UwJ.

eh brhYtJ jdF bj.
jh brhdij nfOfsh?

jh, jh vD glif bgafSF gyhf mt, mt, mt vd tHFjny Ws bgU tHfhF.

5. ntWik

fz - ~J xU bgabrh. brh fzid (I), fzdh (M), fzDF (F), fz (), fzdJ (mJ), fzl (l), fzh! tUf - vd gythW bghU ntWgL tUjiy fhzyh. ntWghL ntWik vdgL. ntWikfis clhF I Kja cUf ntWik cUf vdgL.
ntWik vL tifgL.
1. fz tjh - aghd bga; Kj ntWik.
2. fzid fnl - ulh ntWik (I - ulh ntWik cU.
3. fzdh miHfgnl - M
  fzndhL brnw - XL
  fzDl tnj - cl
  _wh ntWik.
  M, XL, cl - _wh ntWik cUf.
4. fzDF Ukz - ehfh ntWik.
  F - ehfh ntWik cU.
5. fz fj bgat - 
  fz oW brwh - W
  fz kuUJ wdh - UJ
  Ijh ntWik cU.
  , W, UJ - Ijh ntWik cUf.
6. J fzdJ ig - mJ
  it fzDila igf - cila - Mwh ntWik.
  mJ, cila - Mwh ntWik cUf.
7. ig gz UwJ - 
  fzl f UwJ - l
  o f Ud Uwd - f
  , l, f - VHh ntWik cUf.
8. bga T xUtid miHjny vlh ntWik vdgL. miHj - j. J  ntWik vW brhygL.

Kj ntWik	 ntWik
fz	fzh! -
kf	kfnd! - < Vfhu fJ.
kf	kfh - <wa lJ.
KUf	KUf! -
is	sh ! - <W `I' - `M' vd jJ.

6. MF bga

k - xU gwit bga.

k tjh - k nghw (rhaiyila) bg tjh. thW xw bga mjndhL bjhila ntbwhU bghUSF bjhW bjhL Mt, m~J MFbga vdgL.

mt wig kJiu ghuhLwJ. F `kJiu' vD l bga mlYs kfSF M tjJ. vdnt, `kJiu', vgJ MF bga.

iu tjh - `iu' vD khj bga mkhj wj xUtDF bgauhf tJsJ. vdnt, `iu' vgJ MFbga.

oF btisaojh - `btis' vD w bga mwijila RzhF M tjJ. vdnt, `btis' vgJ MFbga.

xU `go' thnd - `go' vD Kfjysit bga, mj msila xU bghUSF M tjJ. vdnt, `go' vgJ MFbga.

7.bjh bga

th, ngh, , br - vwh nghy tUgit id bra Vt gagL brhfshF. it id brhf vdgL. it Vt idKWf vW brhygL, tUJ,
1. tjh, tUwh, tUwh, tUth vd,
2. tJ, ngh, W, brJ vd,
3. tj, nghd, w, brj vd,
4. tUj, nghj, w, brj vd brhf gythW tsail.
tW Kj _W tifglit idbrhfshF. tUj, nghj, w, brj vgd tUjyha bjh, nghjyha bjh, wyha bjh, brjyha bjh vd bjhYF bgauh tUj bjh bgaf vdgL.
bjh bga Ff:
j, m, m, I, if, it, F, , , , fhL, ghL, k, J, c, ik Kjad.
1. br + j - brj. tW `br' vgJ brh tsF c ehoah K gjh gF vdgL.
2. `j' vgJ brh fil gjh F, vdgL. br-gF; j bjh bga F,
3. XLj, ml, Xl, elij, tUif, it, nghF, th, kw, Ka, rhfhL, bkghL, VWk, eljJ, tu, eljik - it bjh bgaf.

8. idKW Kjad

gojh, goJ, goj, - vgd idbrhf vgJ Kng Twgljnwh? t bghU K (KoJ) F idbrh vJ? gojh vgnj id K gJ. Mjyh gojh vgJ idKW vdgL. goJ, goj vgit KW bgwhj id brhf, it (1) goJ (tjh) vd ntbwhU id brhiy, (2) goj (iga) vd xU bga brhiy jG f ntLtdthf Uwd. tW idia jG KW bgwhj idbrh idbar vdgL. bgaiu jG KW bgwhj idbrh bgabur vdgL.

gojh, gowh, gogh - idKW.
goJ, elJ, gof (tjh) - idbar.
goj, gow, goF (iga) - bgabur.

_W fhyf

1. fg uhkhaz ghodh.
2. iga ghl gowh.
3. FHij gh FoF.

ghodh, gowh, FoF - tW xbthW vj fhy fia czJwJ?

ghodh vgJ bra elJl (wj) fhyij.
gowh vgJ bra bghGJ fw fhyij,
FoF vgJ bra  eilbgw UF vfhyij fhLwd myth? it _W Kiwna,
1. wj fhy idKW
2. ffhy idKW
3. vfhy idKW
vdgL.
1. ghodh - wjfhy idKW.
2. gowh - ffhy idKW.
3. FoF - vfhy idKW.
1. brjh - br +  + M
2. brwh - br + W + M
3. brth - br +  + M
_W brhfS btntW fhyfis czJwd vgij fns czuyh. d jj fhyij czJ cW xbthU brhY vnf UwJ? _Y cs `br' vD Kj cW gF vgJ, fil cW F vgJ cfSF bj. gF bjhiy czJwJ; F bjh br fUjhit czJwJ; it uL nghf xbthY vUF cWng xbthU fhyij czJwJ.
MjhtJ,
1.  - wj (bra elj) fhyij
2. W - f (bra fw) fhyij
3.  - v (bra  eilbgW) fhyij czJwd. it thW brh il gjh iliyf vW bga bgW; it fhy fhLtjh fhy fhL iliyf vW brhygL.
1. brjh - br +  + M
2. clh - c +  + M
3. fwh - f +  + M
4. Udh - U +  + M.
it ehF wj fhyij FF idbrhf. MD iliyf btntwhf Uwd myth? it wj fhy iliyf.
, , ,  - wj fhy iliyf.
1. cwh - c + W + M
2. cwh - c + W + M
3. czhwh - c + MW + M
it _W ffhyij fhLwd MD iliyf btntwhf Uwd. it ffhy iliyf.
W, W, MW - ffhy iliyf.
1. brth - br +  + M
ituL vfhyij czJwd; MD iliyf btntwhf Uwd it vfhy iliyf.
,  - vfhy iliyf.
idKWf iliyf UJ fhy fhLtJ nghynt idbarY bgaburY iliyf W fhy fhL.
1. cL (tnj) - c +  + c.
2. brJ - br +  + c.
3. fW - f +  + c.
it wjfhy iliyfis bfhl idbarf; Mjyh it wjfhy idbarf vdgL.
1. nkw (gR) - nk + W + m.

it ffhy iliyfis bfhl bgaburf; Mjyh it ffhy bgaburf vdgL.

10. idahyiz bga

1. kJiu khag Rth ghodh - tha `ghodh' vgJ idKW.

t ghoa kWeh bjU tna brwh. tiu fl kf, `neW ghodt njh nghwh' vwd. ghoatuJ abga khag Rth vgJ. Mdh kf mij brhyhk, `ghodt' vD a bgaiu L tHd. bga tiu t brj idah mizj bgauhF. ghLjyha idia brjjdh ghodtF jh brj idah miz bga, izahyiz bga vdgL.

idKW	idahyiz bga
Xodh	Xodt
ghLwh	ghLwt
brth	brgt
gojh	gojt

idahyiz bgaf brgt, brgtid, brgtdh, brgtDF, brgt, brgtdJ, brgtl, brgtnd! vd ntWik cUfis VWtU.

2. bjh bga idahyiz bga: ntWghLf.

bjh bga	idahyiz bga
tUj - bjhbga	tjt - idahyiz bga
1. bjhYF bgauh tU	1. bjhiy brj bghUSnf bgauh tU.
2. glif lnf caJ.	_lF caJ.
3. fhy fhlhJ.	3. Kfhyij fhL.
tjhid - wjfhy tUwtid - ffhy tUthid - vfhy.	idahyiz bga KfhyK fhL.

11. Igh bga Ff

1. Mgh bga	F
(1) FiHa	m
(2) FiHah	M
(3) tlk	k
(4) nfhkh	kh
(5) w	

m, M, k, kh,  - Mgh bga Ff.

2. bggh bga	F
(1) FiHa	m
(2) FiHah	M
(3) w	
(4) mu	

m, M, ,  - bggh bga Ff.

3. gygh bga	F
(1) FiHa	m
(2) FiHah	M
(3) FUkh	kh
(4) FUkhf	f
(5) w	

m, M, kh, f,  - gygh bga Ff.

4. xw gh bga	F
mJ	J

J - xwgh bga F.

5. gygh bga	F
(1) eyd	m
(2) eyit	it
(3) ehLf	f

m, it, f - gygh bga Ff.

12. Igh idKWf

idKW Ff

1. Mgh idKW	F
(1) eljd	m
(2) eljh	M
2. bggh idKW	F
(1) eljd	m
(2) eljh	M
3. gygh idKWf	F
(1) eljd	m
(2) eljh	M
(3) brYg	g
(4) ghlkh	kh
4. xwgh idKW	F
(1) eljJ	J
(2) TW	W
(3) bghUL (bghUisilaJ)	L
5. gygh idKW	F
(1) eljd	m (clghL)
(2) elth	M (vkiw)

13. gFgj cWf

br, , c, vL - tW xbthW fKoahj brhf. vdnt gfh gjf vdgL. (gFj - j; gfh - f Koahj.)

brjh = br +  + M
wh =  +  + M
cwh = c + W + M

thW gF, F Kja cWfshf fgL gj gFgj vdgL.

gFgj gF, F, iliy, rhia, r, fhu vD cWf UF.

Td = T + m
T - gF
m - F
brjh = br +  + M
br - gF
 - iliy
M - F
brjd = br +  + m + m
br - gF
 - iliy
m - rhia
m - F
gojd = go +  +  + m + m
go - gF
 - r
 - iliy
m - rhia
m - F
eljd = el +  +  + m + m
el - gF
 - r
 - iliy
m - rhia
m - F
( -  MdJ - fhu)

bgwh = bgW + M

bgW + M
bgW - gFxW
M - F

uoJ wjfhy fhoaJ.

thW elh, bjhlh, lh vW brhfis Jbfhf.

14. Kbwr

clh - idKW

cL (tjh) - idbar

cl (iga) - bgabur

tiw f mf. tU cjhuzij ftf:

fz fld tjh.  cs ``fld'' vgJ idKW; Mdh nf `fL' vD idbar bghU tJsJ. `fz' fL tjh' vgJ tha bghU. thW xU idKW idbar bghU tUkh, midKW ml Kbwr (KW-vr) vdgL.

(1) uhk Ffid jGd kjh.
(2) k eifjd dh.
(3) jka esid njod miyjh.

jGd, eifjd, njod - Kbwrf.

15. gh gfh m~id bga

(1) gwit tjJ; gwit tjd.

(2) ku tsjJ; ku tsjd.

(3) Fiu XodJ; Fiu Xod.

thW xUikgh, gikgh, gFfgglhk y m~iz bga brhf xUik gik ghfSF bghJthf tUj cL. thW tU xbthU bgaU gh gfh (gFfglhj) m~iz bga vW bga bgW. J br kLnk tUj bgU tHF.

xw ghiy fhLwJ vw Fia gy ghiy fhLw mitf vD FfS xiw bgwhj m~id bgafns xw gh, gy gh vD uL ghfSF bghJthf tU. it KD D tUw brhfisbfhL bghJik  d gh vW JagL.

Fiu tjJ -  tjJ vgJ xw gh idKW. Mjyh Fiu vgJ xwgh bga.
Fiu tjd -  tjd vgJ gy gh idKW. Mjyh Fiu vgJ gygh bga.

16. brid, braghL id

KUf tia kzjh. tha KUf brj id (bra) tia kzjik. vdnt kzjh vgJ brid vdgL.
t KUfdh kzfglh. tha kzfglh vgJ KUfdh bragl id. Mjyh J braghLid vdgL.

17. Vt - anfh

1. Vt

br, th, , c - vd Vt bghU tU idKW Vt idKW vdgL.

br - xUik Vt
br - gik Vt

F: idgFna Vt xUikahf tU.

2. anfh

brf, tUf, f, cf - vd Vt idnahL `f' nrJ tU. J anfh idKW vdgL. (anfh - kahij Vt)

anfh thj, itj, ntl, j Kja bghUf tU.

 thf - thj
 xf - itj
 jUf - ntl
 brf - j

3. Vt - anfh: ntWghL

Vt	anfh
(1) Kiy kLnk tU	(1) _lfY tU
(2) Vt xUikgik cL	(2) anfh m iy
(3) flis bghU kL tU	(3) thj, itj Kja ehF bghUf tU.

18. tlbrh irbrh

rkUj bkh nga kf jeho gy whLfSF K tJ jld. mtf nrifah mtf ngtj tlbkh brhf j tHfhW bgwd. mjdnu gntW irfYs ehLf tHF w bkh brhfS tJ j fyjd. tlF xU irahf UD, gHik g ya bgUik g jH rkUjij tlbrh vW jJ tHfyhd; wbkh brhfis `irbrh' vD jiy tHfyhd.

#, [, , B, A - it tlbkh vGJf.
g, , #a, y, [ut, ADkh, uh# - it tlbkh brhf.
ir brhf
1. nghRa j eho j thf brjbghGJ j fyj nghRa brhf y. mit: uh, rd, rh, mykh, gh Kjad.
2. #, ghR, gh, Rkh, gnjhgJ, nki#, ujh Kjad ghuf brhf.
3. mdhkJ, Mrh, yhfh, kh_, K, tN Kjad mu bkh brhf.
4. mr, mjJ, mth, mgh, M#, ch, #Kfhs, jgh, grha, gfsh, U#&, yL Kjad Jjh brhf.

thW gy irfUJ jbkh tJ tHF brhf ir brhf vdgL.

19. ilbrh

I Kja ntWik cUfS; nghy, xg Kja ctk cUfS; m, , c vD RLfS; ah Kja dhbtGJfS; `c' Kja w ilbrhf vW TwgL.

ilbrh vgJ jJ yhk bgaiuahtJ idiaahtJ rhJ tUtJ.

nkbrhd ntWikUf Kjad, il iyfis, rhiaf, Ff, jkbfd bghUisila V, X, kW, jh Kjad ilbrhfshF.

1. mtjh tjh - F jh vgJ tWj bghU tj ilbrh.
2. mJjh tjJ - F jh vgJ tWj bghU tj ilbrhny.
3. mtjh tjh - F jh vgJ tWj bghU tj ilbrh.
F: K jh, jh, vgd glif bgafshf tjik, F mit tWj bghU il brhyhf tjik fL bfhf.
1. jh tjh - glif bga.
  mtjh tjh - ilbrh.
2. jh tjh - glif bga.
  mtjh tjh - ilbrh.
1. nruD nrhHD ghoaD tjd. F tJs c, tW v wyh ~J vQik vdgL.
2. jehL _turU tjh -  tU `c' Fiwyhik bghUis jUjyh J KWcik vdgL.
3. FwtU Vw mR kiy...  tJs cik, Fwt thyhf F cait sFjyh, ~J ca w cik vdgL.
4. eh dhj cz -  tJs `c' eh thyhf cz it sFjyh ~J  w cik vdgL.
5. f, brt, xGf, Fow bgWthU cs - F `Fow' vgYs `c' tW y bgWthU cs vD bghUgLkhW brjyh, ~J vr cik vdgL.

20. cbrh

gntW tifgl gfis czJ bgauh, md czJ bghGJ xU brh xU Fzij czJtd gy Fzfis czJtdkh, bga brhfis id brhfis L fhjdth, brSF cadth, bghUSF cik L tUtd c brhf vdgL.

1. xU bghU Fj gy brh.

rhy ngdh.
cW f.
jt cajd.
e wh.

ehY tU, rhy, cW, jt, e vD cbrhf F vD xU bghUis czJtd.

2. gy bghU Fj xU brh.

fokid - fht
foth - Tik
fokhiy - kz
fokhg - sf
fong - mr
foky - w
foLJ - iu
foclh - F
fo KuR - Mj
foid - kw
fo sF - f

rhWfsh `fo' vD cbrh - fht, Tik Kja gy bghUfis FJ tjik fhf.

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